What is the plan that James Madison proposed and what does it include?

James Madison proposed the Virginia Plan during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. This plan called for a strong national government with three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. It suggested a bicameral legislature with representation based on state population, which aimed to give larger states more influence in the federal government. The Virginia Plan ultimately laid the groundwork for the structure of the U.S. government as we know it today.