No. A heart attack (called a myocardial infarction, or MI) is an acute event caused by lack of oxygen and metabolic substrates to a particular part of the heart, or the entire heart in certain conditions, such as shock.
Heart failure, as it is frequently called, is actually a misnomer. It refers to a relative weakness of the heart, causing its pumping action to not be as efficient as it once was. For instance, a healthy heart has a pumping efficiency (Ejection fraction = the percentage of blood in the ventricle that is pumped out with each heart beat) of about 55-60%. In "heart failure," the ejection fraction is less than this.
Heart failure is frequently seen after heart attacks, but may be caused by many other conditions as well.
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