How can exhaust fumes kill you?

Exhaust fumes, particularly from vehicles, contain harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. Carbon monoxide is especially dangerous because it binds with hemoglobin in the blood, reducing oxygen delivery to vital organs and tissues, which can lead to unconsciousness and death. Prolonged exposure to these fumes in enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces can result in lethal concentrations of these toxic substances. Additionally, other components in exhaust can exacerbate respiratory issues, leading to severe health complications.