What two economic forces must be in a competitive market for the price of a product to remain stable with no shortage or surplus?

In a competitive market, the two economic forces that must be in balance for the price of a product to remain stable are supply and demand. When the quantity of a product supplied matches the quantity demanded at a given price, it creates an equilibrium, preventing shortages and surpluses. If either supply or demand shifts, it can lead to fluctuations in price until a new equilibrium is established. Thus, maintaining this balance is essential for price stability.