The three air masses that most significantly affect North Carolina's weather are the maritime tropical (mT) air mass, which brings warm, humid conditions from the Gulf of Mexico; the continental polar (cP) air mass, which brings cool, dry air from Canada; and the maritime polar (mP) air mass, which introduces cooler, moist air from the Atlantic Ocean. These air masses interact frequently, leading to varied weather patterns, including warm, humid summers and cold, wet winters. Their movements and boundaries can result in storms and significant temperature fluctuations throughout the year.
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