Did the Deists and Catholics have the same thoughts about religion during the enlightenment?

Not at all, Deists are actually called atheists by the more traditional theists. Deists believe that there was a Creator who created the world out of nothing, but that He does not reveal Himself in anyway, after that. There are no miracles, nothing supernatural. God just started the world, like a wind-up toy and then left it go.

Catholics believe in a revealed religion, first that God revealed Himself in the Old Testament to the Jews, then the fulfillment of His revelation came with His Son's incarnation as Our Blessed Lord, who taught, suffered, and died for us on the cross.