The Chinese Civil War, which resumed after World War II, resulted in the victory of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) over the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang or KMT) by 1949. The CCP established the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949, while the KMT retreated to Taiwan, where it maintained a separate government. This division led to ongoing tensions between the two sides, which continue to influence cross-strait relations today. The outcome also marked a significant shift in global geopolitics, aligning China with the Soviet bloc during the Cold War.
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