The North's war strategy, known as the Anaconda Plan, aimed to blockade Southern ports, control the Mississippi River, and cut off supplies to the Confederacy, leveraging its industrial strength and larger population. In contrast, the South adopted a defensive strategy, seeking to protect its territory while attempting to gain foreign recognition and support, particularly from Britain and France. The South also employed offensive tactics at times, hoping to achieve decisive victories that would demoralize the North and encourage peace negotiations. Overall, the North focused on attrition and resource control, while the South aimed to exploit its geographical advantages and maintain its sovereignty.
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