What influence did the Arabs have on Africa?

The Arabs significantly influenced Africa through trade, culture, and religion, particularly from the 7th century onward. They established trade routes across the Sahara, facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas, which led to economic prosperity in regions like Mali and Songhai. Additionally, the spread of Islam transformed social and political structures, promoting literacy and the establishment of educational institutions. This cultural exchange also resulted in the blending of Arab and African traditions, shaping the continent's diverse identities.