What is it that makes smoke when welding?

Smoke produced during welding primarily comes from the burning of contaminants on the metal surfaces, including oils, rust, and other residues. Additionally, the intense heat generates fumes from the welding process itself, which consist of metal oxides and other particles released from the molten weld pool. The type of welding method and materials used can also influence the composition and amount of smoke generated. Proper ventilation and safety measures are essential to minimize exposure to these harmful fumes.