Does every teacher get the same amount of money?

Not even close. Every school district, as part of its collective bargaining agreement with the teacher's union, has a pay scale for its employees. This pay scale is typically based upon education and years of experience - a teacher at the top end may be making twice as much as a teacher at the bottom end.

However, over the last 5-10 years, there has been some experimentation with "pay for performance", in which student performance and teacher evaluations are also considered when setting salaries.