What type of government existed before feudalism in Europe?

Before feudalism, Europe was primarily characterized by the remnants of the Roman Empire, which featured a centralized authority under emperors. Following the fall of Rome in the late 5th century, various forms of tribal and monarchic governance emerged, including the rule of local chieftains and kings. This period saw the rise of decentralized power structures, which eventually laid the groundwork for the feudal system as local lords began to gain influence and control over land and resources.