What is a long term impact of European imperialism in Africa?

A long-term impact of European Imperialism in Africa is the creation of artificial national boundaries that often disregarded ethnic, cultural, and linguistic differences. This has contributed to ongoing political instability, conflict, and challenges in nation-building in many African countries. Additionally, the exploitation of resources and economic structures established during the colonial period have left enduring legacies of underdevelopment and economic dependency. These factors continue to influence social, political, and economic dynamics across the continent today.