Who did Spanish Monopoly on trade and colonization of the new world end with?

The Spanish monopoly on trade and colonization in the New World began to decline in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, particularly with the rise of England, France, and the Netherlands as colonial powers. Key events, such as the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 and the establishment of competing colonies by these nations, significantly weakened Spain's dominance. By the 18th century, the competition for resources and territory led to a more fragmented colonial landscape, marking the end of Spain's monopolistic control.