In photos of the volcano in Iceland you see lightning - why?

The lightning observed in photos of Icelandic volcanoes is primarily caused by volcanic eruptions that generate large amounts of ash and charged particles. As these particles collide and interact, they create static electricity, which can lead to lightning discharges within the ash cloud. This phenomenon is similar to how thunderstorms produce lightning, but in this case, it results from the intense conditions surrounding the eruption. The dramatic visual of lightning adds to the awe-inspiring nature of volcanic eruptions.