How do you extract fuel from crude oil?

An oil refinery receives crude oil, and subjects the oil to "cracking"- the temperature of the oil is raised, and it is exposed to a catalyst (known as a "cat cracker") different products will evaporate at different temperatures- they are captured, condensed back to liquid state, and stored. After the gasolines, kerosene, and fuel oils are removed, a thick black sticky liquid is left- asphalt- used in paving roads.