Why Jose Rizal used pen name?

Dr. Jose Rizal, like the other Propagandists, used pen name in order to hide his identity to the spaniards who at that time are very powerful people in the Philippines. Dr. Jose Rizal used pen names in order to protect himself as well as his family and friends from the hatred of the Spaniards who are very much humiliated by the Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo and other writings of Rizal.