Why is the national government described as a government of delegated powers and the states as governments of reserved powers?

The national government is described as a government of delegated powers because it operates under a framework established by the Constitution, which explicitly grants it certain powers, such as regulating interstate commerce and conducting foreign affairs. In contrast, state governments are considered governments of reserved powers because the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution reserves all powers not specifically granted to the national government for the states. This division allows states to govern local matters, reflecting the principle of federalism and ensuring a balance of power between national and state authorities.