An earthquake begins with the build-up of stress along geological faults in the Earth's crust due to tectonic plate movements. When the stress exceeds the strength of the rocks, they suddenly break or slip, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves. This release of energy causes the ground to shake, resulting in what we perceive as an earthquake. The intensity and duration of the shaking depend on the amount of energy released and the distance from the epicenter.
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