What 4 technological advancements made European exploration possible?

Four key technological advancements that facilitated European exploration were the development of the compass, which improved navigation; the astrolabe, allowing sailors to determine their latitude; advancements in shipbuilding, particularly the caravel, which was faster and more maneuverable; and the printing press, which helped disseminate information about new discoveries and navigation techniques. These innovations collectively enhanced maritime capabilities and encouraged exploration.