How did Caravaggio create drama in his painting?

Caravaggio created drama in his paintings through the use of intense chiaroscuro, which emphasizes contrasting light and shadow to highlight subjects and create a sense of depth. His compositions often featured dynamic poses and facial expressions that convey strong emotions, drawing viewers into the narrative. Additionally, he employed naturalism, depicting figures with raw humanity and vulnerability, making the scenes more relatable and impactful. This innovative approach transformed religious themes into compelling, visceral experiences.