Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, key cities of the Indus Valley Civilization, are characterized by their strategic location near the Indus River, which provided fertile land for agriculture. Both cities were built on elevated mounds to protect against seasonal flooding, reflecting advanced urban planning. Additionally, they featured a grid layout with sophisticated drainage systems, showcasing their architectural ingenuity and concern for sanitation. Their proximity to the Thar Desert also influenced trade and resource availability in the region.
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