What is exponential growth in science?

Exponential growth in science refers to a process where the quantity increases at a rate proportional to its current value, resulting in growth that accelerates over time. This pattern is often represented mathematically by the equation ( N(t) = N_0 e^{rt} ), where ( N(t) ) is the quantity at time ( t ), ( N_0 ) is the initial quantity, ( r ) is the growth rate, and ( e ) is the base of the natural logarithm. Exponential growth is commonly observed in populations, certain chemical reactions, and the spread of diseases. It contrasts with linear growth, where increases occur at a constant rate.