Where does gas exchange occur on a stem?

Gas exchange on a stem primarily occurs through small openings called lenticels, which are found on the surface of the stem. These lenticels allow for the exchange of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the internal tissues of the plant and the atmosphere. Unlike leaves, stems have a more limited surface area for gas exchange, but lenticels play a crucial role in facilitating this process for the plant's overall respiration.