What are Two ways of protecting the integrity of files?

Two effective ways to protect the integrity of files are through the use of checksums and encryption. Checksums, such as MD5 or SHA-256, generate a unique hash for a file, allowing users to verify that the file has not been altered. Encryption, on the other hand, secures files by converting them into a coded format that can only be accessed with the correct decryption key, thereby preventing unauthorized modifications. Implementing both methods enhances overall file security.