The Scotts gained their freedom through a successful legal battle in which Dred Scott, a slave, sued for his freedom on the basis of being taken to live in free states and territories. The case ultimately reached the Supreme Court in the landmark decision of Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), where the Court ruled against Scott, stating that as a black person, he was not a U.S. citizen and therefore could not sue in federal court.
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