What are Heraclitus' contributions to philosophy?

Heraclitus of Efez was a greek philosopher living at about 535 BC - 475 BC, given the epithet "obscure" or "the weeping philosopher" because of how hard is it to understand his writings and how bad natured he was. He was one of the first western philosopher, his teaching is a continuing of Milesian school thoughts, and he knew the philosophy of Pythagoras, who he didn´t like, and Eleatic school. His contributions to philosophy was:

1. He believed that nature is guided by some kind of great force and intellect, which he called "logos" (greek "intellect" or "meaningfull speech") "God" or "the one wise".

2. "Everything flows" he said, "everything changes and nothing remains still."

3. He found antitheses very important - without evil, there would be no good, harmony is contrast.

4. Element is fire - he thought, that fire have mystical fire - it is "alive" and "change things". So, he teach, that fire is changed for anything and anything is changed for fire, such us money in business.

5. People are idiots - he was quite mad at a lot of people, concrete, such us Homer or Pythagoras, because of their deeds, or people generally, because they didn´t listen to or understand his teaching, or were just stupid and take care about superficial issues.