Which of these items is used to locate archaeological evidence below ground?

In the Middle East, major archaeological sites are most frequently identified by mounds, or Tels, formed over the rubble of the previous occupation. Often, the site has been occupied several times over the centuries and a quite pronounced tel is evident.

In some cases, coins and small artefacts are actually found on or just below the surface. Erosion can uncover some near-surface archaeological evidence, while a simple metal detector can be used to find coins in locations where artefacts have already been found.

Satellite imaging can be used, sometimes in association with gravity measurements. In some cases, farmers uncover the evidence, and in some cases it is just luck