Who is the father of the criminal justice system?

The father of the modern criminal justice system is often considered to be Cesare Beccaria, an Italian philosopher and criminologist. In his seminal work, "On Crimes and Punishments" (1764), he argued for reforms in the criminal justice system, emphasizing the importance of rationality, justice, and the need for laws to be clear and equitable. His ideas laid the groundwork for the principles of due process and the humane treatment of offenders, influencing later legal systems worldwide.