How does the process of translation convert mRNA into protein?

During translation, the mRNA is read by ribosomes, which are cellular structures that assemble amino acids into a protein chain based on the sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA. Transfer RNA molecules bring specific amino acids to the ribosome, where they are added to the growing protein chain according to the codons on the mRNA. This process continues until a stop codon is reached, at which point the ribosome releases the completed protein.