How do thermochromic materials work?

Thermochromic materials change color in response to temperature fluctuations due to reversible chemical or physical reactions. These materials contain thermochromic dyes or pigments, which alter their molecular structure when heated or cooled, resulting in a visible color change. Common applications include temperature-sensitive products like mood rings, thermometers, and heat-sensitive paints. The effectiveness and temperature range of these materials depend on their specific formulation and composition.