What were the southern states during 1860?

In 1860, the southern states of the United States included Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. These states were characterized by their agrarian economies, which heavily relied on slave labor for the production of cotton and other cash crops. The tensions over slavery and states' rights were escalating during this period, leading to the eventual secession of many of these states from the Union and the onset of the Civil War.