One theme in part 1 is that a hero must reply on clever deceit or guile to survive explain how this theme is conveyed?

This theme is conveyed through the character of Odysseus in the interactions he has with various characters like the Cyclops Polyphemus and the suitors in his home. Odysseus uses his wit and cunning to outsmart his enemies and overcome obstacles, demonstrating that sometimes intelligence and deception are necessary tools for survival.