How does emphysema affect the structure and function of the lung compared to a normal lung?

Emphysema is a lung disease that damages the air sacs in the lungs, making them less elastic and causing them to collapse. This affects the structure of the lung by reducing its ability to expand and contract properly. As a result, the lung's function is impaired, leading to difficulty breathing and decreased oxygen exchange. In comparison, a normal lung has healthy air sacs that can expand and contract easily, allowing for efficient breathing and oxygen exchange.