What is one of the limitation on a lookup function?

One limitation of a lookup function, such as VLOOKUP in Excel, is that it can only search for values in the leftmost column of the specified range and return data from columns to the right. This restricts its flexibility, as it cannot retrieve data from columns to the left of the lookup column. Additionally, VLOOKUP requires the data to be sorted for approximate matches, which can lead to errors if the data isn't sorted correctly.