What is the function of the horizontal and vertical scales on the mechanical stage?

The horizontal and vertical scales on a mechanical stage allow for precise movement of the specimen slide in both the X (horizontal) and Y (vertical) directions. This facilitates accurate positioning and alignment of the specimen under the microscope's objective lens, enabling detailed examination of specific areas of interest. The scales often include calibrated measurements, allowing users to easily return to specific locations on the slide for repeated observations or measurements.