What is the process of nitrogen fixing bacteria called?

The process of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is called nitrogen fixation. During this process, certain bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃), which plants can absorb and utilize for growth. This occurs primarily in the root nodules of legumes, where symbiotic relationships between the plants and bacteria, such as Rhizobium, facilitate nutrient exchange. Nitrogen fixation is crucial for maintaining soil fertility and supporting plant life in ecosystems.