How did the artist create interesting textures in this image?

The artist created interesting textures by using a variety of techniques, such as layering different materials or mediums, which adds depth and complexity to the piece. They may have employed brushstrokes, impasto techniques, or mixed media to enhance the tactile quality of the surface. Additionally, contrasting smooth and rough areas helps to draw the viewer's eye and creates visual interest. The deliberate choice of color and light can also accentuate these textures, making them more dynamic and engaging.