The Latin American independence movement in the 19th century saw key figures such as Simón Bolívar, who led the fight for independence in several countries including Venezuela, Colombia, and Peru, and José de San Martín, who played a crucial role in Argentina, Chile, and Peru. Other important leaders included Miguel Hidalgo, who initiated the movement in Mexico, and Bernardo O'Higgins in Chile. These leaders, along with various local militias and revolutionary groups, were instrumental in challenging Spanish colonial rule and establishing independent nations across Latin America. Their efforts were fueled by Enlightenment ideas and a desire for self-determination.
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