What two sources most Europeans' thinking about the natural world during the middle ages?

During the Middle Ages, most Europeans' thinking about the natural world was primarily shaped by the teachings of the Church and the philosophical works of ancient scholars, particularly Aristotle. The Church's interpretations of scripture provided a theological framework for understanding nature, often emphasizing the divine order of creation. Simultaneously, Aristotle's writings on natural philosophy influenced European thought, as they were often integrated into scholasticism, merging reason with faith. Together, these sources framed a worldview that combined religious beliefs with a rudimentary understanding of the physical world.