Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into amino acid sequences. They read the mRNA sequence and facilitate the binding of transfer RNA (tRNA), which carries the corresponding amino acids. Ribosomes can be found free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, contributing to either protein production for immediate use or for export. Their essential role in protein synthesis makes them crucial for cell function and growth.
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