What impact does Alcohol have on neurons?

Alcohol primarily affects neurons by altering neurotransmitter activity, particularly by enhancing the inhibitory effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and inhibiting excitatory neurotransmitters like glutamate. This leads to impaired communication between neurons, affecting cognitive functions, motor coordination, and decision-making. Chronic alcohol consumption can also cause neuronal damage and loss, contributing to long-term cognitive deficits and conditions such as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Additionally, alcohol can disrupt neuroplasticity, hindering the brain's ability to adapt and form new neural connections.