Why periscopes are made in z shapes why not in other shapes?

Periscopes are designed in a Z shape to efficiently reflect light at two angles, allowing the user to see over or around obstacles while maintaining a compact form. This configuration utilizes mirrors positioned at 45-degree angles, enabling a clear line of sight without distortion. Other shapes may not provide the same effective redirection of light or could result in a bulkier design, making the Z shape optimal for functionality and portability.