What is a recipient?

Generally

A recipient is a person who receives something (item, goods, services, money) from someone or some entity (such as an individual, group, organization, company, or agency).

Social Welfare Programs

A recipient is a person who receives some type of public "assistance" through a State or Federal program in the USA. The most obvious is public welfare programs that offer cash, food stamps, or medical payments,

Medical

A recipient is the specific person who is receiving the blood, organ donation, etc.
To be the receiver of something for which you have paid, the rightful owner of the receipt of the transaction.