Where did the Tudors get there spices from?

The Tudors of 16th century England would have had access to many spices which were prevalent in the Mediterranean such as parsley, mustard, cumin, coriander, mint, rosemary, sage, and thyme.

Other spices such as pepper, cinnamon, cardamom, cloves, ginger and various chilies would have been available from Portuguese, Genovese, and Venetian, traders who brought them from Asia and the Middle East.