What is process by which a single neuron relays messages to other neurons?

The process by which a single neuron relays messages to other neurons is called synaptic transmission. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of the neuron, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, leading to the generation of an electrical signal in that neuron. This process allows for communication between neurons and is fundamental to neural signaling in the nervous system.