How does the earths orbit affect earths temperature?

The Earth's orbit affects its temperature primarily through variations in solar radiation received at different times of the year due to its elliptical shape and axial tilt. These factors create seasonal changes, influencing climate patterns. Over long periods, shifts in the Earth's orbit, known as Milankovitch cycles, can lead to significant climate changes, contributing to glacial and interglacial periods. Ultimately, these orbital variations play a crucial role in regulating the Earth's overall climate and temperature.