What civil rights leader led the Montgomery bus boycott?

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Explanation

The original organizers were Jo Ann Robinson, an English instructor at Alabama State College and President of Montgomery's Women's Political Council, and E. D. Nixon, President of the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP.

On December 4, they called a meeting of community leaders to discuss holding a one-day boycott of the Montgomery City Lines, Inc., bus company. During the meeting, the group formed a new alliance, the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA), to which Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was elected Chairman and President. Dr. King subsequently became the leader of the civil rights action that lasted 381 days, resulting in a US Supreme Court ruling (Browder v. Gayle, (1956)) denouncing segregation as unconstitutional.