What is the theory of Rubik's cube?

The theory of the Rubik's Cube revolves around combinatorial group theory, which studies the mathematical properties of permutations. Each move of the cube represents a permutation of its smaller cubelets, and the entire cube can be analyzed as a complex group of transformations. The goal in solving the cube involves finding sequences of these permutations that lead from a scrambled state back to the solved state. Techniques such as algorithms and heuristics are employed to efficiently navigate these transformations.