In 1865, many Southern states upheld laws that effectively barred African Americans, including freed slaves, from serving on juries, particularly in cases involving white individuals. This systemic discrimination reflected the prevailing racial attitudes of the time, which sought to maintain white supremacy and limit the rights of Black citizens. Despite the legal end of slavery with the 13th Amendment, societal and legal barriers continued to disenfranchise African Americans, undermining their participation in the justice system.
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